Assessment Management Forensic Mental Health Health And Social Care Essay

Since the 1980s power per unit territory is expanding on mental wellbeing experts to better their capacity toA predictA and better deal with the level of risk related with scientific mental health patients, and offendersA being dealtA with in the justness framework ( Holloway, 2004 ) .A This increasedA pressureA includes other than expanded contribution inside a more extensive extent of examination laborers and measurable clinicians, working in the justness framework to better reality, and trustworthiness of their investigation of whether recidivism is a solid possibility.A The overallA valueA of rating of exploration is toA allowA theA improvementA in the evaluation, administering, arranging and bearing of transgressors, in simultaneousness with an increasingly reliable standard for follow up appraisals ( Beech et al, 2003 ) . Be that as it may, there keeps on being an increasingA interestA andA expectationA on experts from the masses and the condemnable justness framework in regards to the potentialA dangerA presented byA seriousA offendersA being releasedA once again into the network and the interest for the transgressors to be better overseen, in orderA to sufficiently protectA the people from dangerous people ( Doyle et al, 2002 ) . As the examination of riskA is madeA at arranged stages toward the path technique of the brutal miscreant, it isA extremelyA significant that psychological wellbeing experts have an organized and reliable assault to risk evaluation and rating of power. ( Doyle et Al, 2002 ) . This paper will thoroughly analyze three hypothetical records of risk examination thatA are usedA to chop down conceivable threat to other people, while fusing fierce transgressors once more into the network. These three assaults are unstructured clinical assessment, organized clinicalA judgementA and actuarialA evaluation. It is non planned, in this paper, to explore the different instruments utilized in the evaluation methodology for theA respectiveA actuarial and organized clinical assaults. Unstructured Clinical Judgment Unstructured clinical assessment is a strategy influencing no particular rules, yet depends on the single clinician'sA evaluationA holding appreciation to the clinicians experience and makings ( Douglas et al. , 2002 ) .A Doyle et Al ( 2002 ) , alludes toA clinicalA sentiment as â€Å" first coevals † ( p. 650 ) , and considers clinical to be as leting the clinicianA completeA caution comparable to what data the clinician will or will non pay heed to in their closing finding of danger degree. The unstructured clinicalA interviewA has been broadly scrutinized on the grounds that itA is seenA as conflicting and characteristically needs development and aA uniformA approachA that does non let forA preliminary, retest trustworthiness over clasp and between clinician ‘s ( Lamont et al. , 2009 ) . ItA has been arguedA that this contradiction inA assessmentA can take toA incorrectA evaluation of transgressors, as either high or low peril because of the abstract conclusion intrin sic in the unstructured clinical assessmentA approachA ( Prentky et al. , 2000 ) . Indeed, even with these limitations talked about over the unstructured clinicalA interviewA is still liable to be the most broadly usedA approachA according to the miscreant ‘s power danger evaluation ( Kropp, 2008 ) . Kropp ( 2008 ) , proposes that the proceeded with utilization of the unstructured clinicalA interviewA takes into consideration â€Å" idiographic examination of the offendersA conduct † ( Kropp, 2008, p. 205 ) .A Doyle et Al ( 2002 ) sets, that clinical surveies have appeared, that clinician ‘s using the danger analysisA methodA of unstructured meeting, is non asA inaccurateA asA generallyA believed.A Possibly this is expected, for the most part to the level of experience andA clinicalA makings of those convey oning the examination. The unstructured clinicalA assessmentA methodA depends by and large on verbal and non verbal signals and this has the intensity of act uponing single clinician ‘s evaluation of risk, and hence in twist has a high possibility of over trust in the examination on the showed prompts ( Lamont et al. , 2009 ) .An A significant deformity with the unstructured clinical meeting is the obvious inadequacy of organized normalized methodologyA bein g usedA toA enableA aA testA retest reliabilityA measureA prior mentioned.A However, the lack of consistence in the examination assault is aA substantialA inconvenience in the utilization of the unstructured clinical interview.A The interest for a more structuredA processA leting forA predictableA preliminary retest constancy wouldA appearA to be aA necessaryA constituent of any peril evaluation according to constrain. Actuarial Appraisal ActuarialA assessmentA was developedA toA assessA arranged danger factors that would better on the opportunity of a transgressor ‘s recidivism. The actuarial assault depends by and large on normalized instruments to help the clinician in anticipating power, and the main part of these instrumentsA have been created, in an exertion, A to predict futureA probabilityA of power among transgressors who have a past filled with mental unwellness as well as condemnable culpable practices. ( Grant et Al, 2004 ) . Notwithstanding, Douglas et Al ( 2002 ) cautions that use of actuarial evaluation does non flexibly examination of any level of preventing the chance of future power. The utilization of actuarialA assessmentA has expanded in late mature ages as more non cliniciansA are taskedA with the obligation of bearing of savage miscreants, for example, network remedies, prison guards and post trial supervisors. Actuarial peril examination techniques empower staff, that do non hold the experience, A backgroundA or necessaryA clinicalA makings toA conductA a normalized clinicalA assessmentA of miscreant danger. This actuarial assessmentA methodA has been foundA to be extremelyA helpfulA when holding peril estimating miscreants with mental wellbeing, substance abuse and fierce transgressors. ( Byrne et al, 2006 ) . In any case, actuarial examinations have limitations in the failure of the instruments to gracefully any data comparable to the bearing of the miscreant, and plans to hinder power ( Lamont et al, 2009 ) .A Whilst such instruments may flexibly transferableA testA retest constancy, there is an interest for wariness when the instrumentsA are usedA insid e varying examples of theA testA populationA utilized as the validationA sampleA in creating theA testA ( Lamont et al, 2009 ) .An Inexperienced andA untrainedA staffA may non be discerning that testsA are limitedA by an extent of factors that may confine the steadfastness of the preliminary in use. The greater part of actuarial toolsA were validatedA in North America ( Maden, 2003 ) . This hasA significantA reasonings when actuarial instrumentsA are usedA in the Australian setting, especially when autochthonal social complexnesss are non taken into history. Doyle et Al ( 2002 ) hypothesizes that the actuarialA approachA is focusedA on expectation and that danger evaluation in mental health has a much broaderA functionA † and needs to beA linkA intimately with bearing and bar † ( p. 652 ) . Actuarial instruments depend on steps of latent peril factors for example history of power, sexual orientation, psychological instability and recorded cultural variables.A Therefore, inert risk factorsA are takenA as staying constant.A Hanson et Al ( 2000 ) contends that where the results of unstructuredA clinicalA opinionA areA openA to requests, the through exact perception based peril assessmentA methodA can fundamentally predict the danger of rhenium insulting. To relyA totallyA onA staticA factors thatA are measuredA in Actuarial instruments, and non incorporate unique peril factors has prompted what Doyle et Al ( 2002 ) has alluded to as, â€Å" Third Generation † , or as more regularly recognized as organized proficient supposition. Organized Professional Judgment Movement toward an organized professionalA hypothetical record, wouldA appearA to hold followed a methodology of improvement since the 1990s.A ThisA progressionA has created throughA acceptanceA of the multifaceted nature of what risk evaluation involves, and the power per unit regions of the councils andA publicA in building up a viewpoint of expanded prognostic truth ( Borum, 1996 ) .A Blending to Lamont et Al ( 2009 ) , organized proficient conclusion unites â€Å" through exact perception approved danger factors, proficient experience and advanced cognizance of the patient ( p27 ) .A Structured proficient feeling assault requires aA broadA assessmentA gauges covering both idle and dynamic components, and endeavors to connect the spread between different assaults of unstructured clinical sentiment, and actuarialA approachA ( Kropp, 2008 ) .A The consolidation of dynamic peril factors that are takingA accountA of variable factors, for example, current emotionalA levelA ( choler, wretchedness, accentuation ) , cultural backings or insufficiency of and eagerness to partake in the intercession restoration process.A The organized proficient assault incorporatesA dynamicA factors, whichA have been found, to be other than significant in analysingA riskA of power ( Mandeville-Nordon, 2006 ) .A Campbell et Al ( 2009 ) proposes that instruments thatA examineA dynamic dange r factors are moreA sensitiveA toA recentA adjustments that mayA influenceA an expansion or decreasing in risk strength. Kropp ( 2008 ) , reports that exploration has discovered that Structured Professional Judgment measures alsoA correlateA substantiallyA with actuarial advances. Choice Kroop, ( 2008 ) hypothesizes that either an organized proficient supposition assault, or an actuarial assault presents the most doable choices for peril evaluation of violence.A The unstructuredA clinicalA approachA has been generally censured by research laborers for missing trustworthiness, cogency and answerability ( Douglas et al, 2002 ) . Kroop, ( 2008 ) other than alerts that risk examination requires the assessor to hold an a

Research Paper on California Indians

Research Paper on California Indians History specialist Kenneth King said about California Indians: If they didn't have the capacity for association appeared by the Six Nation (Iroquois) in the Eastern piece of the United States, they were, all in all, kid like and loving and ready to acknowledge the delicate standard of the padres. The obliviousness of this announcement is astoundingly clear on the off chance that one glances at the indigenous individuals of California and the Padres of the Spanish missions without the rose-hued glasses of a sentimental, euro-driven, show foreordain perspective that recommends mechanical, Christian social orders overcome all. The indigenous individuals of California were not a basic people that expected to depend on the Spanish and thus the Spanish were not welcomed into their properties. As Costo stated, The Native Californians were in no way, shape or form crude; rather they were uniquely mind boggling trackers and assembles. (Costo, pg 10) Kings proclamation attempts to legitimize t he colonization, abuse and murder of the indigenous Californians by attesting that the locals were too sloppy to even think about resisting or some how welcoming to the padres. This statement, generally veils the approaches of institutional decrease and handy colonization that threatened the locals and hesitantly drove them inside the mission dividers for wellbeing, which shockingly harbored just more abuse. In his statement, King alludes to the Seneca individuals, an individual from the Iroquois League of Six Nations. They are one of only a handful not many clans to make due in America, flawless right up 'til today on their genealogical land, due to their persistent warring with the Europeans. One could precisely express that they were not ready to acknowledge the standard of others, since they battled and held their property. Unexpectedly, one may not simply turn around this rationale and hold it to the indigenous Californians. California Indians were not really ready to acknowledge the delicate standard of the padres since they couldn't prevent them from attacking. Similarly as the Polish individuals of present day Europe were not really ready to acknowledge Hitlers Nazi drove intrusion of their nation, to rehearse his comparative type of delicate principle. There is no consistent association that says if the locals were vanquished, than they probably had an ideal to be so. Truth be t old, much proof will demonstrate the opposite. The announcement King made masks the genuine powers that drove Indians to the missions. The indigenous individuals of California that were constrained into the missions were driven by two primary variables decrease and colonization. The padres colonized the grounds and rehearsed the standardized strategy of decrease to change over the land, creatures, and locals to their lifestyle. Both colonization and decrease are a system established to usurp power over a people, their property and their way of life. The most clear type of decrease was the unmitigated robbery of land from the locals. A minister and his officers would possess the high ground in a zone and drive the Indians off to different families or into their missions. At that point they would diminish the quantity of encompassing towns by including them into the mission framework and gathering them together, closer to the mission. Military power sponsored every one of these tasks and as often as possible murdered the men of towns and took the ladies and youngsters for the mission framework. The arrangement of colonization and decrease likewise influenced the nature of the local land. The clerics would develop their own colonizer plants and touch their own colonizer creatures on the recently taken land. The presentation of European customary farming diminished the measure of land the locals needed to get by off of and changed the local condition to new widely varied vegetation, of which the locals didn't have the foggiest idea how to endure. The Spanish carried domesticated animals with them, for example, sheep and steers, which ate the indigenous grasses. Before long indigenous creatures, for example, hare and deer, couldn't discover food and their populaces were diminished. The locals were driven inside the mission dividers on account of rare indigenous greens and little game populaces. The colonizing padres additionally took on an arrangement to institutionally diminish the conventions, customs, culture, language, cultural principles and opportunity of the locals. Locals were purified through water after entering the strategic everlastingly restricting them to its entryways. A purified through water local would never leave. Many got away and were found and murdered by troopers. Once in the mission they were power to go to Jesus. An alleged bucket cleaned God, which directed another arrangement of rules and spoke to abuse. The standards comprised of confining unique language, supplication, medication or verifiable discussing. The padres needed to totally freed the savages of their pagan ways. They controlled each part of the locals, even their sexuality, which was constrained to the evangelist position. The locals minds were washed of their way of life inside the missions. (Hurtado) Outside the missions the Spanish officers crushed collections of the locals through homicide, assault and the spreading of malady. Illnesses, for example, pneumonia and diphtheria spread among the individuals rapidly. Their bodies had no resilience to the outside infections and were hit particularly hard. The spread of ailment pushed the locals toward the Spaniards, searching for a fix. Numerous locals were taken to the missions upon their passing beds, in a final hotel to fix an European sickness. (Talk) A progressively explicit type of homicide was the butcher of people by the officers, who were overseen by the padres. The uncouth padres and troopers would wreck, move, assault, breed and condition the locals. Regardless of whether it was the crown jewels of triumph or just fatigue, assault was common. Murder was normal when over taking another town or going on the coast. As San Juan Batista composed, that whenever the Spanish passed two Santa Barbara the murdering of a couple of locals was unavoidable. (Lecture)(Hurtado) The indigenous individuals of California were not untainted or in any case unsophisticated. Actually they had complex social gatherings that existed with correspondence for a great many years. When King portrays the locals as virtuous and chaotic, he proposes that they are a lower society and the preachers felt the equivalent. Fight Francisco Garces said Oh, what an immense heathendom!Oh what a heathendom so easygoing! (Costo, pg 10) As Rupert Costo calls attention to in The Indians Before the Invasion, The idea of horticulture was an essential for the advancement of human progress Native individuals were not crude, they has their own monetary framework. Cash was as dabs. The Indian name for their cash is Koy. (Bean, pg 304) They had set up exchange courses and frameworks of giving merchandise on to inaccessible clans. Because they didn't industrialize creation or utilize European customary farming didnð ¢t imply that assets were not composed. Indeed Europeans consider innovation to be the bar of human advancement, instead of inspecting the offset a general public has with its environmental factors and its flourishing through non-material eyes. As Kroebers maps call attention to, the locals in California were sorted out and had organized regional areas. Costo calls attention to that such states of regional security were commonly evident all through California (Costo, pg 15) California was one of the most differing places in the whole world, with numerous dialects, customs and religions. Local individuals figured out how to succeed, through regard and correspondence through neighborhood general advice. Costo affirms this when he stated, the general public started to go through instruments and set laws building up its administering bodies. (Costco, pg 18) They by and large utilized regular natural outskirts. As Tharon Weighhill stated, there was a mystery language called the Sylyux language, that picked individuals from a family would talk at intertribal gatherings. These gatherings talked about nearby concerns and kept relations solid. They utilized correspondence and regard to allow each other to live. A case of this is sho wn when Bennae Calac, a Lesuno, discussed not meddling with George Zunigas individuals, the Kumia, when talking about present day neighborhood issues. She said that she would should not be instructing his kin. This epitomizes the parity the groups/clans had with one another. Lord utilizes the word tender to portray the local, since they didn't dismiss the Spaniards upon their first gathering. In all actuality the locals were tolerating to the new comers and they didn't war until after they were infringed upon. This resistance is an indication of a propelled society. They were inviting until there was reason not to be, similarly as another neighbor is today. I accept that King is utilizing a twisted feeling of cultural positioning to asses that tolerating an outsider or resistance is an imperfection. California locals fought back in numerous rough and otherworldly uprisings and coming up next are only outlines of a couple of the most renowned: In 1775, the Kumayaay opposed Spanish guideline and consumed their nearby Presidio. So as to do this, they searched out the Quchans, whom had progressively military information on the best way to consume and assault the missions. The Kumayaay were effective in catching San Luis Jayme the padre in order. They executed him in familiarize to slaughtering a man had with black magic. The shot him with bolts and squashed the head. In contrast to the Spaniards, they didn't butcher the warriors and all others that lived in the mission. They simply executed the pioneer with the expectation that the crucial fall. Obviously the Spaniards sent another cleric and Jayme turned into a Christian saint. By 1780, eight missions had been established, however not the slightest bit does that show a tolerant situation by locals. In 1781, the Quechan expelled the Spanish from the Colorado River circumscribing California. The Quechan had consented to give the Spanish access if the Quechan were disregarded, however by and by decrease was drilled by the padres. Gaining from the past the Quechan executed all the Spaniards and never again could the Spanish colonize South Eastern Californi

An Overview of Survivors Guilt

An Overview of Survivor's Guilt July 17, 2019 Verywell / Brianna Gilmartin More in PTSD Coping Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions PTSD and the Military In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Survivor’s Guilt? Examples Symptoms Causes Treatments Coping Survivor’s guilt is a type of self-guilt that sometimes takes place after a traumatic event. People may feel guilty for surviving or avoiding some type of harm when others did not. This phenomenon can occur in a variety of life-threatening situations including car accidents, wars, natural disasters, and illnesses. What Is Survivor’s Guilt? After a life-threatening or traumatic event, some people count themselves as fortunate while others are struck with a sense of guilt. Survivors may find themselves wondering why they lived through the event or why they suffered less than others. Survivors of plane crashes or car accidents, for example, might feel guilty for living through the event while others lost their lives. The concept of survivors guilt achieved prominence during the 1960s as a number of psychologists described a similar set of symptoms experienced by survivors of the Holocaust. Since that time, it has been observed across a range of situations. Common Causes Surviving an accident Surviving a natural disaster Surviving or escaping war Other Possible Causes Recovering from a potentially fatal illness Receiving an organ transplant After a mass shooting Not being present when a loved one dies There are times when guilt may have a legitimate cause (such as causing an accident that led to another person’s death or injury), but in a lot of these instances, there is little or nothing that a person could do to prevent or change the outcome. In an article published in Advances in Nursing Science, authors Hutson, Hall, and Pack noted that while survivors guilt has appeared in psychology and medical literature, the phenomenon itself remains poorly defined and rarely described. Survivors guilt can have a serious impact on a person’s life and functioning, suggesting that further research is needed to explore effective ways to help people deal with feelings of guilt. Is Survivor’s Guilt a Disorder? In the current version of the diagnostic tool, the DSM-5, survivors guilt is a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It may be viewed as one of the cognitive and mood-related symptoms of PTSD, which include having distorted feelings of guilt and negative thoughts about oneself.It is important to note, however, that people can experience survivor’s guilt without having PTSD. They can also have PTSD without feeling survivor’s guilt. Examples While survivors guilt was originally used to describe feelings that survivors of the Holocaust experienced, it has also been applied to a number of people and situations since that time. Individual’s who lived through the AIDS epidemic have described feelings of guilt related to their own survival while others, including friends or family, died. Survivor’s of other illness may also feel a sense of guilt when they recover, but other friends and acquaintances do not. Following a flood or tornado, people might feel a sense of guilt and wonder why their homes were spared while their next-door neighbor’s home was destroyed. Survivor’s guilt does not necessarily have to involve life or death situations. For example, workers may feel a sense of guilt when others in the company are fired or laid off. This can be particularly pronounced during mass layoffs when large numbers of workers lose their jobs while a few retain their positions. Those who are left might feel that they were spared simply out of luck rather than due to their merit, skills, or efforts. Symptoms The extent and severity of survivor’s guilt can vary. Some people may feel a sense of sorrow, while others become mired in all-consuming remorse. Symptoms of survivor’s guilt can include: Psychological Feelings of guilt Nightmares Flashbacks Irritability Feelings of helplessness Lack of motivation Anxiety Suicidal thoughts Physical Numbness Difficulty sleeping Stomach aches Racing heart Following a trauma, people may also experience feelings of regret. They may ruminate over the events that took place and think about things they could have or should have done that (they think) would have altered the outcome. This rehashing of the events can further exacerbate feelings of guilt, particularly if people feel that their own actions (or inactions) may have worsened the consequences. In many cases, this rumination is influenced by what is known as the hindsight bias. People look back and overestimate their ability to have known the outcome of an event. Because they feel like they should have predicted what happened, people may become convinced that they should also have been able to change the outcome. How the Brain is Affected by PTSD Causes While not everyone feels survivor’s guilt, it is not uncommon after experiencing some type of trauma. And while it can be quite common, this does not mean that is not serious or that it does not require some sort of intervention or treatment. A person’s locus of control might play a role in determining whether he or she experiences survivor guilt. Some people are more likely to internalize blame. When explaining events, they tend to attribute causation to personal characteristics rather than outside forces. In a lot of situations, this can actually be a good thing for self-esteem. By taking credit for good outcomes, people are able to feel better about themselves and their abilities. But it can be devastating when people blame themselves for events out of their control. Some other factors that may increase the likelihood of survivor’s guilt: Past Trauma Some research has indicated that experiencing trauma during childhood can increase the likelihood of feeling negative emotions following other life-threatening events. A History of Depression People who are already depressed or who experienced it in the past may also be more likely to experience guilt and anxiety following trauma. Low Self-esteem People with low self-esteem may place less value on their own well-being. When faced with the experience of surviving where others have perished, they may be more likely to question whether they “deserved” their good luck. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy and even guilt. Lack of Support People who do not have a solid network of social support may be more likely to experience symptoms related to survivor’s guilt. Poor Coping Skills Young people who experience tragic events may feel the effects of survivor’s guilt more strongly than older adults with better coping skills because they have less experience and confidence in their own ability to manage difficult events. An individual’s level of resilience plays an important role in how well they cope with negative events and experiences. Treatments Getting appropriate treatment if you are experiencing such symptoms is important. Not only can it reduce your mental well-being and quality of life, but it can also present serious risks, particularly if other symptoms of PTSD are also present.   Researchers have found that trauma-related guilt is closely linked to suicidal thoughts in veterans. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one approach that can be particularly effective. Through CBT, clients work with a therapist to explore automatic negative thoughts that contribute to feelings of guilt. Examining unrealistic thoughts and replacing them with more realistic ones can help alleviate feelings of guilt and self-blame. Other forms of psychotherapy, group therapy, support groups, and medications may also be helpful in the treatment of survivor’s guilt symptoms. Coping If you find yourself experiencing feelings of guilt following an aversive event, there are things you can do to manage those emotions. Some self-help strategies that you may find effective: Remember that these feelings are normal and common. Experiencing guilt doesn’t mean that you’re guilty of doing anything wrong. Sadness, fear, anxiety, grief, and, yes, guilt are completely normal responses in the aftermath of a tragedy. It’s ok to feel happy about your own luck while at the same time mourning the fate of others.Focus on the outside factors that led to an event. Shifting your focus on the external variables that created the situation can help you let go of the self-blame that contributes to feelings of guilt.Allow yourself to grieve. It is important to acknowledge the people who were lost and allow yourself to mourn. Give yourself time and take things at your own pace.Do something positive. Whether it is for yourself or for others, take those feelings that direct them toward making a change in the world. Sometimes just doing simple things for another person can help alleviate feelings of guilt.Practice self-forgiveness. Even if your actions were responsible for harm to another person, learning how to forgive yourself can help you move forward and regain a positive outlook Talk to your doctor if your symptoms are severe or your feelings of guilt are interfering with your ability to function normally. A Word From Verywell Survivor’s guilt can feel overwhelming at times, but it is not uncommon to feel this way after you have survived a traumatic or difficult life event. It is important to acknowledge your guilt and reach out if these feelings become too difficult to manage on your own. Appropriate treatment can help you address feelings of excessive or overwhelming guilt. Cognitive Therapy Can Be Very Effective for Dealing With Stress

Co-Parenting Relationships after Divorce Free Essay Example, 750 words

The researcher states that one problem that may be there in the research method employed is the failure of women to truthfully and fully give correct answers due to fear. The limitation of this particular research design is a lack of trust by various women being interviewed such that they are unable to answer the questions asked appropriately. Thus, the answers may direct the study towards a certain aspect rather than the intended differences it seeks to uncover. For the subjects to be part of the in-depth interviews, they had to meet specific requirements that were under the inclusion criterion. The subjects were selected according to the period by which they had been separated. Specifically, it must have been more than two years. They were also selected based on the ages of their children. That is, they had to have at least one child below eighteen years of age in their residence at the time of separation. Subjects were also selected based on the number of times they had been phys ically abused by husbands they had separated with. The researchers ensured diversity in their selection by going through records of public divorces. We will write a custom essay sample on Co-Parenting Relationships after Divorce or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

What Steroids Can Do To Your Body - 781 Words

A bloodcurdling feeling spreads throughout the arena, a smell so menacing that even the men inside the ring don’t know what will happen next. The roars of men are zipping through the air as bodies are torn limb from limb. Grotesque as this image may be only a few hundred years ago were people competing in stadiums adorned by thousands of viewers. Competition has always been a part of human nature, ever since the first man put his foot onto this planet the race has been on. Certainly competition has changed as years have gone by. First we competed for food on a daily basis, competition was needed in order to just make it through the day, as many years began to pass competition began to turn into daze in which people could watch others fight for their lives fighting against creatures from other parts of the world unknown to their own. Today, we no longer face the life or death bouts over a single meal. The sense of competition has not dulled, yet it has been moved from a daily s urvival to more of an extravagance for viewers to behold the abilities of others in awe. These days, the most anticipated competitions are held in football stadiums, boxing rings, and weight rooms. The rewards for todays gladiators consist of bragging rights over a rival, worldwide notoriety, and large sums of money. Being the best at what we do, getting the feeling that you are number one is what we as humans have always strived for. No matter what the cost had been we always took another step forwardShow MoreRelatedAre Steroids as Bad as We Think?1132 Words   |  5 PagesAre Steroids Bad? Anabolic steroids are one of the most thought about drugs when talking about gaining weight and muscle. Steroids have been around for years and athletes today continue to use these illegal performance enhancing drugs. But are they really that bad for you? 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There are many adverse effects from steroids, such as the destruction of your organs or your physical appearance. There are many more adverse effects to using steroids than positive ones. This is why it is very risky to use them. Before using them you need to know what steroids are and what happens to your body when you takeRead MoreShould School Athletes Have Drug Tests?1301 Words   |  6 PagesPechacek states that 50 million people do drugs in the united states and 4 million of them are underage and the majority of them are in a high school athletic. Citizens predict that this percentage number will slowly pullulate and gradually mo re high school athletes will be exposed to drugs. Schools should allow drug tests to be permitted on high school athletes because taking drugs are unfair to the sport, drugs harm the body mentally and physically, and it can ruin future opportunities for athletes

Internet and Education Positive or Negative Aspect Free Essays

string(40) " Researchers Jomon Aliyas Paul, Hope M\." Internet and Education: Positive or Negative Aspect? The Internet started to boom in the 1990’s and has continued to evolve ever since. Today the concept of what was thought to be one of the greatest inventions has blown this old-time invention out of the water. In order for the Internet to be accessible a computer device is needed. We will write a custom essay sample on Internet and Education: Positive or Negative Aspect? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Today on we can carry the Internet in our hands with wireless access; as before it was a fixed machine usually on a desk with multiple cords attached. Noting that the invention of the computer and Internet has only increased in value and quality the rate of use has also increased significantly. This increase use of the Internet has affected and impacted people around the world. People use it at home, work and school for different reasons such as to communicate, shop, and look up information. The question that withholds is whether or not Internet use is beneficial or problematic. A topic that relates to this ongoing question is the effects that Internet use has on education and academic performance. The Internet is used through a wide variety of spectrums within education; teachers and students use the Internet on a daily basis. Studies have shown positive and negative factors of the Internet appearing in education from both student and instructor views. When looking at the Internet as a positive aspect there are many studies and factors that play a role in helping conclude this acquisition about Internet in an educational setting. The Internet can be very beneficial for students along with teachers and administrators. For example, the adult literacy and basic education (ALBE) classroom teachers have found the Internet to be beneficial for themselves as well their students (Berger, 2010). Jim I. Berger conducted a study using ALBE instructors to better understand their use of the Internet in the classrooms. These ALBE instructors explain they use the Internet to simply look up lesson plans and to communicate with the students on a daily basis (Berger, 2010). Berger (2010) sent a packet of 50 fifty-six-item surveys to every state director of ALBE services; in return he got 219 applications with an 18. % response rate (p. 155). When focusing more on the results and procedure Berger (2010) grouped the 56-item survey into 5 composite scales; (a) reasons for use (the Why scale), (b) ways the Internet was used (the Practice scale), (c) positive consequences (the PosCon scale), (d) negative consequences (the NegCon scale) and (e) reasons they would or could not use the Internet in their classroom (the Bar rier Scale). Two specific parts of Berger’s study that helps conclude Internet is a positive aspect in education is the Why scale and the PosCon scale. Berger (2010) asked the respondents to use the Likert-like scale with values not, some, or very to address his survey questions. When reporting the results for the Why scale Berger chose the teachers who answered with very. Majority of the teachers (71. 8%) said they felt it was very important to use the Internet in class because students would one day need it in their professional lives, around half (54. 1%) thought the Internet helped students learn basic skills, a little less than half (40. 9%) stated they used it because they enjoyed to, while (31. 3%) of teachers felt the Internet makes them better teachers (Berger, 2010, p. 56). For the PosCon scale Berger (2010) reported the results based on ALBE instructors who agree or strongly agree. His findings concluded that 83. 5% reported that students were more empowered, 82. 4% thought the material was more engaging for the students, 82. 2% felt that students improved their basic skills, and 76. 2% thought they could incorporate high er-level thinking skills in their lessons. Also, a great proportion (70. 2%) stated that classes became more student centered and half (50. 4%) thought the students worked together more often (Berger, 2010, p. 157). To conclude Berger’s study it was found that the Internet was beneficial in education when looking at ALBE classrooms in more ways than one. However, a weakness of Berger’s study is the response rate. This is only a small fraction of instructors and teachers around the world. Similar to Berger’s positive findings is a study conducted by Gwo-Jen Hwang, Po-Han Wu and Chi-Chang Chen. Their study addresses the topic of web-based problem-solving activities. According to the Hwang et al. (2012) study online web-based problem-solving games are found to be beneficial in education. In their study an online game was developed for conducting web-based learning activates (Hwang et al. , 2012). Two classes of fifth and sixth graders participated in the study. One group was the experimental group while the other was the control group. The experimental group was guided by an educational computer game that used a Graphical Quiz approach to develop the game-board learning system, while the control group was guided by learning sheets and keyword search online (Hwang et al. 2012). Hwang et al. (2012) required both groups to take a pre-test and post-test regarding â€Å"butterfly ecology. In result Hwang et al. (2012) reported the online-education game not only improved the students’ learning achievement and attitudes, but also situated the students’ in a learning state filled with involvement, concentration and enjoyment. The results also show how the approach was effective; the learning activity conducted in this study showed that students were highly mot ivated in their web-based problem-solving tasks (Hwang et al. , 2012). Hwang et al. (2012) thus concludes that the students were highly engaged in the task due to the intrinsic motivations promoted through the game. Between these two studies it seems safe to say that the Internet is used in multiple ways in education and in general has a positive outcome. While studies like these show positive factors of Internet use in education there are also findings that conclude negative effects of Internet usage. Along with the increased use of the Internet comes increased amount of distractions. Distractions such as social networks, shopping sites, sport networks and YouTube are constantly being streamed from networks around the world. Researchers Jomon Aliyas Paul, Hope M. You read "Internet and Education: Positive or Negative Aspect?" in category "Essay examples" Baker, Justin Daniel Cochran (2012) believe there is a negative correlation between grades and time spent on laptops, tablets and cell phones during class. They also say it’s very common to see students using their phones during class; this behavior is not only distracting to the one using the mobile device but for others around them as well (Baker et al. , 2012). Noting this is an example of how the Internet in education is misused and often abused in educational settings. Relating back to Berger’s study, he concluded there are also some negative aspects of the Internet in education. Berger (2010), states 54. 4% of the instructors claim that students visited sites unrelated to assignments or class work, 36. 7% of instructors found that their classes split into those that did and those that did not know how to use the Internet, 23. 9% found that students visited inappropriate sites (porn, gambling), 22. 5% of instructors indicated that students copied material from the Internet and used it as their own, and 20. 9% felt that their students relied too heavily on the Internet for information (p. 157). His study shows that students are easily distracted by the endless uses of the Internet. As a college student I struggle with these distractions on a regular basis. Looking at a different spectrum of Internet and education researchers Nejla Canbulat, Sevil Inal, and Meral Kelleci conducted a study looking at the relationship between the Internet and academic performance for a small portion of high school students. To further explain the Canbulat et al. (2012) study, 804 high school students between the ages of 15 and 18 were chosen randomly from four high schools in Istanbul city. One of the three questions their study asked was â€Å"Do computer and Internet using periods of high school students adversely affect their success at school? † They collected their data through a survey. They founded that the students average computer use periods were 2. 07 ±1. 5 hours daily and their average Internet access periods were 1. 8 ±1. 5 hours daily (Canbulat et al. , 2012, p. 1648). Depending on if the student had Internet access at home or had to access the Internet through a public place, such as a cafe, altered the results of time spent on the computer. In Nejla Canbulat, Sevil Inal, and Meral Kelleci’s (2012) study they restate Berson and Berson’s findings of 92% of 10800 teenagers between the ages of 12 and 18 had access to the Internet and spent most of their time messaging with people, surfing across websites, playing games and only 1% of them use the Internet for making searches and studying (p. 1644). Canbulat et al. (2012) founded that compared to this statement their study proposed that half of the teenager (50. 5%) connected to Internet for searching purposes; however, other reasons were chatting (18. 1%), playing games (12. %), listening to music (9. 7%), sharing content in forum sites (6. 6%) and accessing websites with sexual content (2. 4%) (p. 1649). Even though these percentages seem to correlate with a positive use of the Internet too much time spent searching and using the Internet causes problems in interpersonal relations (Canbulat et al. , 2012). To conclude their findings they state that the more t ime spent on the Internet adversely affected the student’s success at school. The study also founded that the increased spent time on the Internet decreased the academic success of students. The students that accessed the Internet at home used it less often than the ones who accessed the Internet through a cafe, reckoning that the Internet at home is kept under parental control (Canbulat et al. , 2012). This however may not be the case for every student who has a computer at home; this is only a small study that was done with high school students. When comparing Canbulat et al. and Berger’s studies it’s hard to differentiate whether the Internet is a positive or negative aspect within education due to the different views between teachers and tudents. Most teachers argue it’s a good thing for teaching and it also helps students interact with each other. However, some teachers believe that the increased use of Internet distracts students from their daily work by visiting non-related sites. These findings from Berger’s study relate to the Canbulat et al. correlation found between the increased use of the Internet and decreasing academic performan ces. Students are spending more and more time on these non-related sites affecting their studying habits and overall grades. There have been many studies conducted about the Internet and the psychological effects it has created; some good while some bad. Certain researchers claim that Internet chatting decreases loneliness and depression, increases the feelings of happiness, and greatly enhances perceptions of social support and self-esteem (PW Kang 2007; Shaw and Gant 2002; Chen 2012). While others believe the increasing use of Internet is effecting face-to-face interactions by reducing time spent with family members and friends, thus creating more and more feelings of loneliness and depression (Kraut et al. 1998; Chen 2012). If the Internet does create these feelings of hopelessness and depression this could affect students not only socially but academically too. In the classroom these feelings of depression can often lead to alienation and feel worthy only when using the Internet. This could reduce the social interaction a student may have in school thus creating low self-esteem. A student may then cover these feelings up by using the Internet, which in turn would reduce the motivation of a student to do homework or study for upcoming exams. Overall the Internet is a positive aspect in the world of education. On the contrary it’s known for it’s devious distractions. Studies and research prove both cases are true among students and teachers. People today rely solely on the Internet as before it was just something to have. Is the Internet and technology the destruction of social interaction and resulting in increased isolation? Some critics argue thus is true while others oppose this idea as a whole. This is yet another issue that’s addressed with the concern of the Internet. Time can only tell. List of Reference Baker H. M. , Cochran, J. D. , Paul, J. A. (2012). Effect of online social networking on student academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2117-2127. Berger, J. I. (2010). Profiles of Internet use among ALBE instructors. Adult Basic Education Literacy Journal, 4(3) 151-160. Canbulat, N. , Inal, S. , Kelleci, M. (2012). Internet use and its relation with the academic performance for a sample of high school students. HealthMed, 6(5), 1643-1650. Chen, C. , Hwang, G. , Wu, P. (2012). An online game approach for improving students’ learning performance in web-based problem-solving activities. Computers Education, 59(4), 1246-1256. Chen, S. (2012). Internet use and psychological well-being among college students: A latent profile approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2219-2226. Bibliography Baker H. M. , Cochran, J. D. , Paul, J. A. (2012). Effect of online social networking on student academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2117-2127. Berger, J. I. (2010). Profiles of Internet use among ALBE instructors. Adult Basic Education Literacy Journal, 4(3) 151-160. Canbulat, N. , Inal, S. Kelleci, M. (2012). Internet use and its relation with the academic performance for a sample of high school students. HealthMed, 6(5), 1643-1650. Chen, S. (2012). Internet use and psychological well-being among college students: A latent profile approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2219-2226. Dodd, B. J. , Antonenko, P. D. (2012). Use of signaling to integrate desktop virtual reality and online learning management systems. Computers Education, 59(4), 1099 -1108. Hwang, G. , Wu, P. , Chen, C. (2012). An online game approach for improving students’ learning performance in web-based problem-solving activities. Computers Education, 59(4), 1246-1256. Kiran-Esen, B. , Korkmaz, M. (2012). The effects of peer-training about secure Internet use on adolescents. Turkish Psychological Counseling Guidance Journal, 4(38), 180-187. Korkmaz, O. (2012). A validity and reliability study of the online cooperative learning attitude scale (OCLAS). Computers Education, 59(4), 1162-1169. Otaibi, K. N. A. (2012). Attitudes towards the use of the Internet. Psychology Research, 2(3), 151-159. How to cite Internet and Education: Positive or Negative Aspect?, Essay examples

Group vs Team free essay sample

That question prompted a fascinating exploration: when does a group become a team? What are the distinguishing characteristics of a team that are different from a group? The behaviors of a real team are decidedly deferent from a group. We believe the best definition of a team Is from the book Wisdom of Teams. A team Is a small group of people with complementary skills and abilities who are committed to a common goal and approach for which they hold each other accountable. Lets pick this definition apart. The best size for teams is 7-12 individuals.Larger teams quire more structure and support; smaller teams often have difficulty meeting when members are absent. Members have skills and abilities that complement the teams purpose. Not all members have the same skills, but together they are greater than the sum of their parts. On teams, members share roles and responsibilities and are constantly developing new skills to improve the teams performance. We will write a custom essay sample on Group vs Team or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Teams identify and reach consensus on their common goal and approach, rather than looking to a leader to define the goal and approach. Most Importantly, teams hold their members accountable.What does this mean In practical terms? When they experience conflict with a member, they speak to that member directly rather than to a supervisor. When a member isnt performing to the level required, the team addresses the performance problem. Now lets look at how a group functions. A group can be defined as a small group of people with complementary skills and abilities who are committed to a leaders goal and approach and are willing to be held accountable by the leader . A group supports the leaders goals and the leader-dominated approach to goal attainment. A group drives individual accountability rather than shared accountability. Leadership is predominantly held by one person rather than the shared, fluid leadership on a team. In a group, the dominant viewpoint Is represented; In a team, multiple, diverse viewpoints are represented. Decisions In a group are made by voting or Implied agreement; decisions on a team are typically made by consensus. So, would it be right to say that teams are good and groups are bad? Absolutely not. A better question to ask is: when do you use a group and when do you make the extra fort to develop a team?Lets face it, groups are far easier to create than teams, so it makes sense to be a group when the following exist: the decisions and process are already determined, buy-in is not necessary, time is a critical factor and there is split or minimal management support for teaming. To form the group, identify a strong, effective leader and empower the person to recruit group members, formulate the goal and ap proach and drive decision making. This approach would be practical for short-term projects with outcomes already defined.Teaming, on the other hand, should be used when you need broad buy-Len for the best results, when no one person has the answer and when shared responsibility is consuming. There is no magic bullet that will transform a group into a team overnight. It takes time to develop the skills to work well together and understand how to solve problems and make decisions effectively. The next time your group or team gets together, ask the members What would it take for us to be a real, high performance team? Then, as you brainstorm the answer, challenge them to press forward toward being a team.